《2021中国制造强国发展指数报告》发布附下载链接

（AI translation below）

2021年12月29日，由中国工程院、国家制造强国建设战略咨询委员会主办，中国工程院战略咨询中心、中国机械科学研究总院集团有限公司、国家工业信息安全发展研究中心承办的《2021中国制造强国发展指数报告》发布会在北京召开。发布会重点对2020年世界主要国家制造强国发展指数变动情况、2015-2020年中国制造强国建设进程、2025年我国制造强国战略目标完成度、未来需解决的重大问题进行了分析和解读。中国工程院主席团名誉主席、国家制造强国建设战略咨询委员会主任周济院士，中国工程院副院长钟志华，朱高峰、干勇、陈建峰、单忠德、屈贤明、梁晓捷、焦栋、王德成、蒋艳、黄琳等院士专家40余人出席发布会。

“制造强国发展指数”自2015年起每年持续发布，社会关注度高，已成为客观评价我国制造业整体水平的权威性指数。发布会上，南京航空航天大学校长单忠德院士和中国工程院原常务副院长朱高峰院士分别对《2021中国制造强国发展指数报告》进行了介绍和解读。《报告》显示，2020年，面对错综复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，特别是在新冠肺炎疫情及中美贸易争端的严重冲击下，中国制造业经受住了巨大考验，在中国、美国、德国、日本、英国、法国、韩国、巴西、印度九国对比中，充分彰显了体系完整优势：规模优势唯一增长，质量效益基本稳定，创新动能活力提升，强基固本初见成效，绿色低碳践行有力。9个国家2020年制造强国发展指数排名及所处阵列相较2019年均未发生变化；同时，我国虽仍处于全球制造业第三阵列，但与第一、二阵列国家制造强国发展指数差距不断缩小，追赶步伐持续加快。

报告总结了我国2015-2020年制造强国建设进程及经验。五年间，中国制造强国发展指数由105.78增长到116.02。我国制造业总体趋势稳中向好，实现了市场快速响应，体现出对各类生产要素的强大动员组织能力，呈现出迎难而上、愈战愈勇的“韧性”，制造强国建设进程基本按照预期目标前进。制造强国战略已成为引领我国制造业转型升级和创新发展的一面旗帜。

单忠德院士指出，中国制造业的体系完备且不断向中高端发展，正加速融入全球产业链，竞争力持续提高。在当前百年未有之大变局下，2021-2025年全球经济发展大概率将呈现更为跌宕起伏的显著波动，但在“不偏航、不失速，不相撞”的国际共识下，仍能从短期波动中探寻到中长期平稳发展的大脉络。“十四五”期间，我国制造业发展一是要着力扭转我国经济发展“脱实向虚”导致的要素价格扭曲和资源错配现象，改善房地产、金融、实体经济之间投资方向及回报率失衡倾向，健全市场体系，保持制造业占比基本稳定。二是要进一步强化国家战略科技力量，努力构建完善与中国制造业完整产业体系相匹配、满足制造业转型升级重大需求的创新体系，打造各类高能级创新平台，有效增强创新能力。三是要加快进行产业基础能力评估，准确识别“卡脖子”、“短板”环节，开展共性技术、高端技术、前瞻技术的联合攻关，引导市场进行产业链要素集中投入，点线面联动推进，不断夯实产业基础。四是要提升盈利能力，着力打造一批核心竞争力强、带动作用明显、具有国际影响力的大型综合企业集团，培育一批在细分领域掌握独门绝技的“专精特新”与“单项冠军”企业，加快培育优秀企业。五是要加快推进制造业节能降耗和绿色低碳转型，逐步建立以碳排放、污染物排放、能耗总量为依据的存量约束机制，着力降低资源消耗。六是要不断提高产品质量与可靠性，鼓励优秀制造企业“走出去”参与国际合作，全力打造知名品牌，加速推动制造强国阶段性战略目标加快实现。

朱高峰院士指出，从预测结果看，2020年，中国制造强国发展指数已与日本水平十分接近，顺承当前的发展态势，在国内外宏观经济环境不发生重大变化的前提下，按照既定计划继续大力推进制造强国战略，我国能够在2025年迈入全球制造强国第二阵列，迈入制造强国行列。但必须清醒地认识到，我国制造业的发展得益于完整工业体系优势、广阔市场优势等多重红利叠加，而“质量效益”分项数值对制造强国发展指数贡献率仍有待提升，全社会增长的研发投入经费并未重点流向制造业，我国制造业发展不平衡不协调不充分的问题依然突出。在结构性、体制性、周期性问题相互交织的大背景下，保持宏观稳定成为我国经济发展的重中之重。中国制造业要着眼长远、抓好当前，解决脱实向虚、市场、资金、观念、作风、决策机制、人才和结构等一系列外部和内部问题，坚定不移推进制造强国，我们的制造强国目标一定能够实现，也必将实现。

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The 2021 China Manufacturing Power Development Index Report was released

On December 29, 2021, built by the Chinese Academy of Engineering, manufacturing powers strategic advisory committee, strategy consultation center of Chinese Academy of Engineering, mechanical science research institute group co., LTD., China national industry development research center, information security of the "made in China power development index report 2021 conference was held in Beijing. The conference focused on the analysis and interpretation of the changes in the development index of the world's major manufacturing powers in 2020, the construction process of China's manufacturing power from 2015 to 2020, the completion of the strategic goal of China's manufacturing power in 2025, and major problems to be solved in the future. More than 40 academicians and experts, including Academician Zhou Ji, honorary chairman of the Presidium of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the Strategic Advisory Committee for the Construction of a National Manufacturing Power, Zhong Zhihua, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Zhu Gaofeng, Gan Yong, Chen Jianfeng, Shan Zhongde, Qu Xianming, Liang Xiaojie, Jiao Dong, Wang Decheng, Jiang Yan and Huang Lin, attended the conference.

The "Development Index of Manufacturing Power" has been published every year since 2015, attracting high social attention and becoming an authoritative index to objectively evaluate the overall level of China's manufacturing industry. At the press conference, Academician Shan Zhongde, president of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and Academician Zhu Gaofeng, former executive vice president of Chinese Academy of Engineering, respectively introduced and interpreted the 2021 China Manufacturing Power Development Index Report. The report shows that in 2020, facing the complex international environment and task heavy domestic reform, development and stability, especially in the outbreak of COVID - 19 and under the serious impact of sino-us trade disputes, China's manufacturing sector withstood the huge challenge, in China, the United States, Germany, Japan, Britain, France, South Korea, Brazil, India, nine of the contrast, The overall strength of the system has been fully demonstrated. Its scale has grown, its quality and efficiency have been basically stable, the driving force for innovation has been invigorated, initial progress has been made in strengthening the foundation, and green and low-carbon practices have been vigorously implemented. The ranking of the development Index of manufacturing power and the array of the 9 countries in 2020 did not change compared with 2019. At the same time, although China is still in the third array of global manufacturing, but the gap between China and the first and second array of manufacturing power development index is narrowing, the pace of catching up continues to accelerate.

The report summarizes the process and experience of building China into a manufacturing power from 2015 to 2020. During the five years, China's development index as a manufacturing power increased from 105.78 to 116.02. The overall trend of China's manufacturing industry is stable and improving. It has achieved rapid market response, demonstrated strong mobilization and organization capacity for various factors of production, and demonstrated resilience in meeting difficulties and making progress in building China into a manufacturing power. Manufacturing power strategy has become a banner leading the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry and innovative development.

Academician Shan Zhongde pointed out that China's manufacturing industry has a complete system and is constantly developing towards the middle and high end, accelerating its integration into the global industrial chain and continuously improving its competitiveness. Under the current situation of unprecedented changes in a century, the probability of global economic development in 2021-2025 will show more significant fluctuations, but under the international consensus of "no yaw, no stall, no collision", it is still possible to explore the overall context of medium - and long-term stable development from short-term fluctuations. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's manufacturing industry should first focus on reversing the distortion of factor prices and resource misallocation caused by "shifting from real economy to virtual economy" in China's economic development, improve the imbalance of investment direction and rate of return among real estate, finance and real economy, improve the market system, and keep the proportion of manufacturing industry basically stable. Second, we need to further strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological forces, strive to build and improve the innovation system that matches the complete industrial system of China's manufacturing industry and meets the major needs of the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, build various high-level innovation platforms, and effectively enhance innovation capacity. Third, we need to speed up the assessment of basic industrial capacity, accurately identify "bottlenecks" and "weak links", carry out joint research on generic, high-end, and forward-looking technologies, guide the market to concentrate input in industrial chain elements, and promote point-to-point, line-to-plane linkages, and constantly consolidate the industrial foundation. Fourth, to improve profitability, focus on creating a number of core competitiveness, obvious driving role, with international influence of large comprehensive enterprise groups, cultivate a number of "specialized and special new" and "single champion" enterprises master unique skills in segmented fields, speed up the cultivation of excellent enterprises. Fifth, we need to accelerate the transformation of the manufacturing sector to conserve energy, reduce energy consumption and become green and low-carbon, gradually establish a stock restraint mechanism based on carbon emissions, pollutant emissions and total energy consumption, and strive to reduce resource consumption. Sixth, we will continue to improve product quality and reliability, encourage excellent manufacturing enterprises to "go global" and participate in international cooperation, strive to build well-known brands, and accelerate the realization of the phased strategic goal of becoming a manufacturing powerhouse.

Member of Zhu Gaofeng pointed out that from the forecasting results in 2020, the development of Chinese manufacturing power index has close level with Japan, suitable on the current development situation, both at home and abroad under the premise of no significant changes in the macroeconomic environment, according to the established plan continue to vigorously advances the strategy of manufacturing power, in 2025, our country to be able to enter the second array global manufacturing powerhouse, Enter manufacturing power ranks. But must realize soberly, the development of the manufacturing industry in our country benefit from the advantages of complete industrial system, broad market advantages, such as multiple bonuses, and breakdown value for manufacturing powerhouse "quality benefit" development index contribution remains to be promoted, the growth of the whole society r&d funding is not the key to manufacturing industry, manufacturing industry development in our country inadequate unbalanced uncoordinated problems still outstanding. Against the backdrop of interwoven structural, institutional and cyclical problems, maintaining macro stability has become the top priority in China's economic development. China's manufacturing industry should focus on the present and take a long-term view, and resolve a series of external and internal problems, such as shifting reality from reality to reality, market, capital, concept, style of work, decision-making mechanism, talent and structure. We will unswervingly build China into a manufacturing country. Our goal of becoming a manufacturing country can and will be realized.

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2024/11/24

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